The Palace Of Knossos By King Minos - 2547 Words

Part A: The Palace of Knossos is the most complex structure existing from the ancient Minoan Civilization on the island of Crete. It was built in the Minoan political center of Knossos by King Minos around 1900 BC. The palace is an extremely intricate building standing five stories with large, beautiful paintings on its walls known as frescos; it even had indoor plumbing. It is apparent that only the most important people in Minoan society lived in the palace because of its grandeur and beauty. The Palace of Knossos is important to history because the palace gives us a window into Minoan culture. We can deduce from the Palace of Knossos that the Minoan Civilization was both complex and prosperous. The beautiful murals of the Palace of†¦show more content†¦Linear B writing emerged in Knossos after Linear A writing but before the fall of the Palace of Knossos. We can then deduce that people writing in Linear B (Mycenaeans) conquered those writing in Linear A (Minoans), or at the very least, Minoans allowed the Linear B writers into its political center as a peaceful accommodation. Nonetheless, finding the Linear B tablets at the Palace of Knossos is important because it lets us know that at some point Mycenaeans had lived on the Island of Crete. Finally, discovering Linear B tablets allows us to see how the Greek language evolved because the tablets show Greek language its very earliest form. Linear A is the writing system of the Minoans that lived on Crete. Like its child system Linear B, Linear A writing is a system where one symbol represents one syllable in language. The reason Linear A writing was developed by the Minoans is because the Minoans wanted to keep record of what was bartered. Essentially, the Minoans developed a writing system so they could keep receipts. Sadly, the language that Linear A displayed is still unknown to us today. The Mycenaeans really admired the culture of the Minoans. As a result, the Mycenaeans based their writing sys tem off of the Minoans Linear A writing. Without Linear A, we would not have been able to see the first Greek writings in Linear B. Essentially, without Linear A the first Greek writings would not have been recorded in Linear B. Homer spoke and wrote inShow MoreRelatedCauses Of Minoan Civilization993 Words   |  4 Pages(H.Sayre, 2011, P.1). Minoan civilization is the first advanced civilization of the prehistoric Aegean region that was developed on a small island of Crete, where Sir Arthur Evans an English archaeologist named the civilization after a Cretan king called Minos. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to identify Minoan major civilization and the cause of its demise. Mystery of Minoan Crete Civilization Crete was the first inhabitant during the Neolithic period known as the â€Å"New Stone Age†Read MoreThe Legend of the Minotaur1311 Words   |  6 Pagesis the legend of the Minotaur. The legend of the Minotaur and the Labyrinth of Knossos in Crete has enthralled many historians, archaeologists over, anthropologists and so on over years, even centuries. However, one archaeologist was captivated by the entrancing and beauty of the myth of The Minotaur and the Palace in Knossos was Arthur Evans. Before work began in Crete by the British archaeologist Evans at Knossos, knowledge of the Bronze Age Minoan culture was only faintly reflected in a fewRead MoreEssay on The Palace of Knossos995 Words   |  4 PagesGreece’s major dig sites is the palace of Knossos. The palace of Knossos stood on the island of Crete near the modern town of Heraklion at the co-ordinates 35 ° 17’ 52.66†N, 25 ° 9’ 47.36†E. It was the home of King Minos and his queen. The Palace is the setting for a myth where the queen gave birth to a being that was half man, half bull, the Minotaurs, which was kept in the labyrinth of the palace; He was eventually slayed by the Athenian Thesus. The Palace of Knossos was destroyed in the later classicalRead MoreEssay about The Palace of Knossos1790 Words   |  8 PagesThe Minoan civilization is by far the richest, yet strangest, of the Aegean world (Aegean Art 99). Through an in-depth analysis of the Palace of Knossos it will be evident that it mirrors the Minoan culture and lifestyle. The function, style, techology, medium, and symbolism used throughout the Palace, illustrate the intelligent, spiritual, and mercantile people the Minoans were. Cottrell states Yet from the start of the excavations the great mound began to reveal its secrets-not material treasureRead MoreThe Minoans Civilization1325 Words   |  5 Pagesat Knossos in the early 1900’s that introduced to the world the fascinating and wonderful sophistication of these early Greeks (Britannica Encyclopedia). The history of the island has been molded by its proximity to the Aegean Sea. Its geographical location gave it control over the sea and the lucr ative trade routes. The Minoans traded with Egypt, the Levant, the Aegean, and beyond to Italy, and Sicily. The great Minoan civilization of Crete formed around palaces such as those at Knossos, PhaestusRead MoreThe Differences Between Religion And Economy1177 Words   |  5 Pages1500 years and yet the Evidence derived from archaeological sources display the omnipresent representation of women and supports the idea that the Minoans were a female dominated society. However, written references to the Minoan ruler mention a ‘King Minos’ and create a platform for debate as to who, if anybody, ruled Minoan Crete. Religion and it’s significance within society alludes to the characteristics of any ancient civilisation. The exceptionally central role of women within Minoan religionRead MoreThe Bull At The Palace Of Minos Essay1836 Words   |  8 PagesAncient Greece is that of King Minos of Crete and the Minotaur, a beast half-man and half-bull. This legend, immortalised by modern films, has its origins in the Aegean, at a time when the bull held a special place in society. During excavations near Heraklion in Crete in 1990, English archaeologist Sir Arthur Evans unearthed a massive structure built by a sophisticated Bronze Age civilisation. Evans identified this as the Palace of King Minos in the ancient city of Knossos, inhabited by peopleRead MoreThe Flight of Icarus Essay528 Words   |  3 Pagessettlers were the Minoans. King Minos ruled this island nation. This Greek tragedy involves an inventor named Daedalus. His homeland was Athens. For a short time, his apprentice was his sisters son Perdix. When Daedalus feared that Perdix would surpass him in talent, he murdered the boy by tossing him from the Acropolis of Athens. He was then tried at the Areopagus and banished from the city. Daedalus fled to Crete, where he began to work at the court of King Minos and Queen PasiphaeRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between Minos And Mycenaean On The Sea By Trade Essay920 Words   |  4 Pagesthey had to build amazing construction to describe their culture and their empire. There are two cultures can prove to the world the strong military and rich economy on the sea by trade. Minos and Mycenaean have some similar and different. The similar is they are both into building palaces. Palace of Mi nos at Knossos is one of evidence. It built between 1700 and 1300 B.C.E. Also enormous, once covering six acres and including 1,300 rooms, built around a central courtyard and several smaller courtyardRead MoreThe Minoan Civilization On The Mediterranean Island Of Crete Essay1141 Words   |  5 Pagescharm that the Minoans use to wear was found, and it was brought to his attention. He started at Knossos, where the possible civilization became a reality. He uncovered multiple palaces, which have all been named since then. They are named: Knossos, Phaistos, Malia, and Zakros. Each one shows signs of religion, trade, and politics. They believed these palaces controlled the Minoan civilization. These Palaces seemed to co-exist on this small island because there are no signs of wall fortifications or

Everyday Use And My Papa s Waltz - 931 Words

Everyday Use and My Papa’s Waltz both show strong family connections. Everyday Use is a centered around an African-American and their family roots. One daughter has chosen to leave her past behind in order to have a better life while the other daughter has chosen to stay close to her roots. My Papa’s Waltz is centered on a small boy and his father. This poem shows the love a boy has for his father with a deep desire to stay close to him. Everyday Use begins with the narrator, Mrs. Johnson, saying that she will wait for her daughter Dee in the yard that she and Maggie made clean and wavy the day before (Walker, 1973). This first sentence shows the great lengths in which Mrs. Johnson and Maggie go to in order to make Dee happy. Having grown up this way, Dee has a feeling of entitlement. Maggie is nervous about Dee coming to visit. She thinks her sister has held life always in the palm of one hand, that â€Å"no† is a word the world never learned to say to her (Walker, 1973). When the girls were younger, Maggie was burned badly in a house fire, leaving scars down her arms and legs. The scars on her body had not only damaged her body but her confidence as well. Mrs. Johnson was also conscious about her looks describing herself as a big-boned woman with rough, man-working hands and fat that keeps her warm when the weather turns cold (Walker, 1973). She dreams of being on a television show where Dee shows appreciation for her. The mother knows that Dee does not care for the wayShow MoreRelatedMy Papas Waltz by Theodore Roethke.965 Words   |  4 PagesSuch waltzing was not easy. We romped until the pans Slid from the kitchen shelf; My mother s countenance Could not unfrown itself. The hand that held my wrist Was battered on one knuckle; At every step you missed My right ear scraped a buckle. You beat time on my head With a palm caked hard by dirt, Then waltzed me off to bed Still clinging to your shirt The poem, My Papa s Waltz, written by Theodore Roethke, is written in such a way that creates many debate and contestationRead MoreThe Power Of A Father s Hand1514 Words   |  7 PagesThe Power of a Father’s Hand Eventually we will all grow older and take something away from our childhood that our parents taught us. I can only hope they will be positive like those in Tips from My Father by Carol Ann Davis, rather than possible negative experiences like the ones in My Papa s Waltz by Theodore Roethke. Although some feel like they do not gain or lose anything from their parent’s impact on them and do not believe that they are the ones who shape their character or actions theRead More Shadow Of A Doubt Essay3266 Words   |  14 Pages Shadow of a Doubt Shadow of a Doubt is an Alfred Hitchcock film that was shot on location in the 1940s town of Santa Rosa, California. The town itself is representative of the ideal of American society. However, hidden within this picturesque community dark corruption threatens to engulf a family. The tale revolves around Uncle Charlie, a psychotic killer whose namesake niece, a teenager girl named Charlie, is emotionally thrilled by her Uncles arrival. However her opinion slowly changes as sheRead Morepreschool Essay46149 Words   |  185 Pagesresearch that is summarized in this volume indicates, physical v vi exercise and healthy routines and nutritional choices set the stage for lifelong healthy habits. The recent NAEYC report underscores the need for children to play outside, use their large muscles, and engage in vigorous physical activities every day. Of course, the visual and performing arts fuel both preschool children’s imaginative play and creativity and also promote learning in all domains, including physical skill

Cuban Economy Essay Research Paper Although the free essay sample

Cuban Economy Essay, Research Paper Although the Cuban economic system may be thought of as to some as a complete failure, the bid system construction can still be an effectual manner of making a successful economic system, if the right stairss are taken in it # 8217 ; s be aftering. From the 1960 # 8217 ; s revolution to the 1990 # 8217 ; s prostration of Soviet Union, the Soviet brotherhood managed to keep the Cuban economic system by merchandising them sugar in return for oil ( hypertext transfer protocol: //lanic.utexas.edu/la/cb/cuba/asce/cuba1/panel.html ) . The USSR paid # 8220 ; higher than market monetary values # 8221 ; for Cuban cane, and Cuba paid # 8220 ; lower than market monetary values # 8221 ; for Russian crude oil merchandises. This agreement which Cuba benefited from, allowed Castro to supply benefits to the citizens such as higher instruction, free sum medical attention, and subsidized nutrient and lodging. Now, of all time since the trade with the Soviet Union has collapsed, the Cuban economic system has fallen by 35 % from 1989 to 1993 ( www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/index.html ) . Alternatively of the island being maintained or enhansed, it is hardly be sustained. Although the deficiency of assistance from the Soviet Union has had a great influence in the Cuban economic system, it still has some hope because of increased touristry, agricultural trade and extra US dollars. The Cuban economic system is strongly based on a bid system, where the authorities has about complete control of the economic system. Merely as any other economic system is required to make, the bid system must reply the 3 basic economic inquiries. what to bring forth, how to bring forth it, and who gets what ( Lyons, Brian 1987 ) . The authorities controls things such as the measure of each good that is to be imported and exported, monetary values of goods and services, rewards, lodging. etc. Through the goverments control, they can make up ones mind who recieves what portion of the economic pie. Unfortunatly, this agencies that they can utilize this power to at that place ain advantage and restrict the sum of income that each citizen receives. In Cuba, each working age citizen is # 8220 ; given # 8221 ; a occupation which pays them from 250 # 8211 ; 500 pesos a month. In US dollars it merely equates to $ 10 $ 20 ( John Skorburg, 1999 ) . The authorities besides holds a primary function in the Cuban economic system and controls practically all foreign trade. The authorities has undertaken several reforms in the past few old ages which have been designed to stem extra liquidness, raise labour inducements for workers, and increase the sum of nutrient, consumer goods and services to draw them up from down degrees. In 1994, the liberalized agricultural markets were introduced. The State and private farms were authorized to sell any of their above quota production at unrestricted monetary values, have broadened legal ingestion options and decreased black market monetary values. The authoritiess attempts to cut down subsidies to loss-making endeavors and shrivel the money supply caused the black market rate to diminish quickly. In the Cuban market place, the figure of freelance workers has easy increased from 160,000 in T he early 1990’s to able 250,000 today ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/index.html ) . The Government still continues to discourse the concern of the turning figure of the freelance, and the increasing disparity in wealth. The demand for economic growing has slightly replaced the age old political orientations. When Soviet forces were defeated in 1989 and an terminal to Soviet subsidies was realized, the Cuban economic system suffered the equivalent of an economic closure. ( John Skorburg, 1999 ) . The economic system dropped even further from the consequence of built-in inefficiencies of the Cuban industrial base. In 1995, the slide was halted by authorities plans that resulted in a 2.5 % addition. In 1995, export net incomes rose by 20 % to $ 1.6 billion. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.indembassyhavana.cu/cubaecopart3.htm ) . This was mostly caused by higher universe monetary values for common trade goods and increased production of Ni through the cooperation with a Canadian house. Higher exports and new credits from European houses and Mexico enabled Havana to increase it # 8217 ; s imports. In 1996, an act to seek international countenances against the Castro authorities in Cuba was put into topographic point, to be after for support of a passage of authorities taking to a democratically elective authorities in Cuba, and for other intents as good. The international argument environing the acceptance and execution of the Helms-Burton jurisprudence had revealed different attacks to the thought of advancing democracy in Cuba. The United States # 8217 ; NAFTA spouses, the European Union and the remainder of Latin America had came up with three different positions on how to carry Cuba # 8217 ; s democratisation. The kineticss of the argument and its solution to the job had major indicants for Cuba to become portion of the international economic system. The United states policy necessarily forms and will continue to determine Cuba # 8217 ; s international reinsertion, even if it does non happen in the manner that are intended. As codified into jurisprudence by the Helms-burton act, the official place of the United States is the publicity of democracy in Cuba by insulating the island economically. This would hold been meant to restrict the sum of fresh investing come ining Cuba and minimise most signifiers of normal contact. The implicit in program was that the signifier of force per unit area used would take to the death of the political power of Fidel and Raul Castro and a rapid passage to democracy ( http: //www.globalexchange.org/campaigns/cuba/US- Cuba/HelmsBurton.html ) . Although the Cuban economic system may be thought of as a failure, the bid system construction can still be an effectual manner of making a successful economic system, if the right stairss are taken in it # 8217 ; s planning. The Cuban economic system is an illustration of an economic system that could hold been successful if the right stairss and desicions were made. Alternatively, the Castro authorities took advantage of their power and abused it, destroying the economic system. Stairss are now being taken to turning the ecomony around by taking power out of Castro # 8217 ; s range.

Marketing and Advertisement free essay sample

The concerns Introduction-What Is Advertisement, A Marketing Tool? Advertisement is a communication tool, used in marketing to promote the product in public. The main aim is to increase the sales, through perfect promotion (Percy and Elliot,2012). Advertisement is one of the key factors in brand building and sustaining the same. The main aim of advertisement is to remind and persuade the existing and potential customer to make a purchase decision. Advertisement should be deep and fresh in consumers mind for them to easily remember the product and brand. Thus advertisement is an essential tool to marketers to measure the consumer reference. lf advertisement fails, then the money and effort put into it is for waste. The means of advertising is basically Medias like television and internet now a day, with less importance to press and posters. To be precise, advertisement techniques are imaginative and is not a fool proof technique (White,2000). We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing and Advertisement or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page With the above statement it can be clearly understood that there are drawbacks to advertisement. Which can indeed turn out to be the critics as well as concerns which can curtail the impact of advertisement to both advertiser and the targeted consumers? Whether his can be right or can be nullified is the biggest challenge in front of a marketer (Percy and Elliot,2012). So the future lies in the hand of studies which can come up with valued elements and truths to overcome the concerns. Below, are some of the concerns of advertisements and an inside look. The Future of Advertisement with an In-depth Analysis on Concerns Advertisement is everywhere, every day we tent to see a lot of different form and type of advertisement. Due to this many concerns have come up. Lets discuss a few below. ) Advertisement creates irrelevant desires: To begin with, advertisement at times end to create a look out for unattainable goals. The perspective of a common man are challenged. At certain point it creates pointless wants and exaggerates the need for a perfect life (Percy and Elliot,2012). That means transforming a normal product into a desirable product. So advertisement can change the identity of the product. In a nutshell advertisement can give di fferent meanings for a single product(Trampe,Stapel and Siero,2010). For example: High heel shoes was meant to be introduced as a neutral product, however consumers took it as a means to enhance self-image and beauty due to the advertisement(Trampe,Stapel and Siero, 010). Although there are critics which blames other social elements to be a part in such concerns, like movies and magazines portraying such an image, I strongly believe that the concern is true when it comes to majority of brands, especially cloths and accessories. Fashion and trend is often regulated by advertisement. b) Advertisement is deceiving: The second most concern about advertisement is that, it is misleading. Some advertisement tend to hold things which are not there in the actual product. Like the advertisement will value other aspects rather than valuing the actual product(Percy and example: Using images in dvertisement. Lot of cosmetic brands and fashion magazines are used to put up images of women to target the segmented customers. So that they can be fooled by the image which are not related to the actual product. Even then the consumers have a urge to try the product hoping that they turn out to be like the image shown in the advertisement (Perez ,2011). To an extend the concept seems to be a concern, I strongly stand against that because as a human being people should have the common sense and market knowledge to understand that these kind of images cannot mislead them in trying out a product. c) Advertisement disgrace our ntelligence: Thirdly, advertisement is said to insult the brilliance and intellect of a person. Once the concept hits, both the advertiser as well as the consumer can get confused. An advertiser may advertise a product but since different sector of people have different views and thinking capacity, it may be taken as a disgrace by some. This may be a drawback as they may miss a genuine product (Percy and Elliot, 2012). For example: Human models and cartoon characters used in cigarettes, beer and non-alcoholic beverages. Which in turn, a certain majority felt as an and Hunn,2000). By far i agree to this concern, as this appens more than not in many beverages advertisement. Seen people offended by the advertisement and dropping the product. d) Advertisement not adhering to ethical values:Finally,advertisement is valued as unethical. There are set codes and rules for advertisement, then also some advertisement brakes the line to go beyond the ethics as the legal side cannot bind the ethical values (Percy and Elliot,2012). For example: The sexual objectification of women in advertisement. This was a highly discussed concern as surveys show the impact was so deep. Young graduated, women fell in pray for such advertisement techniques (Zimmerman and Dahlberg, 008). believe that this concern is not up to the mark, as long as it does not affect or harm, does it really matter? Conlusion By far advertisement is one of the powerful communication tool in marketing and sales. As the means and reach of advertisement is wide and it covers entire segment of consumers, its relatively the easiest mode of promotion. So it can be said advertisement has a future. Since the future of advertisement is of wide scope, its important to take all the above concerns into count (Cappo,2003). The advantages of advertisement and the modern era of life style helps the marketers in targeting ifferent group of consumers differently. The technology growth is enhancing the concept of advertisement.

Slavery as a Cruel Institution essays

Slavery as a Cruel Institution essays Cruelty can be defined as an inhumane action done to an individual or group of people that causes either physical or mental harm. Slavery, at its very core, was a cruel and inhumane institution. From the idea behind it to the way that it was enforced, it degraded the lives of human beings and forbade the basic liberties that every man deserves under the Constitution of the United States. Three major areas where cruelty was especially prevalent were in the slaves working conditions, living conditions, and loss of fundamental freedoms. Working conditions for slaves were about as bad as can possibly be imagined. Slaves worked from dawn till dusk and sometimes even longer. Solomon Northrup describes his experience as a slave on his Louisiana plantation: The hands are required to be in the cotton field as soon as it is light in the morning and with the exception of ten or fifteen minutes, which is given them at noon to swallow their allowance of cold bacon, they are not permitted a moment idle until it is too dark to see, and when the moon is full, they often times labor till the middle of the night (Northrup 15). The slaves lived in constant fear of punishment while at work, and it was that fear that drove them to obey. Northrup continues to say that, No matter how fatigued and weary he may bea slave never approaches the gin-house with his basket of cotton but with fear. If it falls short in weightif he has not performed the full task appointed him, he knows he must suffer (10). He goes on to explain that after weighing, follow the whippings (10). This was not the end of the workday for a common slave though. Each slave had his or her own respective chores to do. One feeds the mules, another the swineanother cuts the wood, and so forth (Northrop 11). Then there were jobs to do in the slaves quarters, jobs that were necessary for their basic needs and surviva...

The U.S. Pledge of Allegiance in German

The U.S. Pledge of Allegiance in German One of the best ways to learn German is to use something that youre already familiar with. For German students in the United States, the Pledge of Allegiance is a great lesson that can be tailored to beginners and advanced students.   The majority of American students grow up citing the Pledge of Allegiance (Der amerikanische Treueschwur). Its fixed in our memories from a very young age, so learning it in German can really help students understand and practice grammar, pronunciation, and vocabulary in a single and recognizable sentence. U.S. Pledge of Allegiance(DerAmerikanischeTreueschwur) In this instance, we use der Treueschwur  for the  English word  and the U.S. Pledge of Allegiance translates to der  amerikanische  Treueschwur  or  Treueschwur der USA. Taking those famous words, I pledge allegiance... into German is a matter of finding the right vocabulary and placing it in the correct word order. The Pledge can be an excellent lesson for students of all levels. Beginners can use it to practice German pronunciation and learn some new vocabulary while reciting it with the familiar cadence. Intermediate students can use it to study word order and proper German grammar. Advanced students can make their own attempts to translate the Pledge into German own, then compare it to the examples given. Keep in mind that translation from one language to another is never perfect or word for word. As you can see in the two examples, different words can mean the same thing. For instance,  schwà ¶re  means swear and  gelobe  means vow, but theyre both used for the verb pledge. Another example is the words  jeden  (each) and  alle  (all).  They both can be used to mean everyone, which is what the Pledge implies by all. It should be noted, however, that the first translation is the more widely accepted version of the two. German translation 1: „Ich schwà ¶re Treue auf die Fahne der Vereingten Staaten von Amerika und die Republik, fà ¼r die sie steht, eine Nation unter Gott, unteilbar, mit Freiheit und Gerechtigkeit fà ¼r jeden.â€Å" German translation 2: „Ich gelobe Treue der Fahne der Vereingten Staaten von Amerika und der Republik, fà ¼r die sie steht, eine Nation unter Gott, unteilbar, mit Freiheit und Gerechtigkeit fà ¼r alle.â€Å" The Pledge of Allegiance: â€Å" I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America and to the Republic for which it stands, one nation under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.† Who Wrote the U.S. Pledge of Allegiance? The Pledge of Allegiance was written by Baptist minister and socialist Francis Bellamy. It first appeared in The Youths Companion  magazine in 1892 to commemorate the 400th anniversary of the discovery of America. The original oath used the phrase â€Å"my flag† rather than â€Å"the flag of the United States of America.† The change was made in 1923. The next alteration occurred in 1954 when Congress inserted the phrase â€Å"under God.† It is interesting to note that, according to his granddaughter, Bellamy himself would have objected to this religious amendment. Additionally, the author had  originally wanted to include the word â€Å"equality† in front of â€Å"liberty and justice.† He reluctantly left that word out because he felt it controversial. Equality did not seem right to him given the fact that women and African Americans were not considered equal by many people in 1892.

CRJ-105 questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CRJ-105 questions - Essay Example However, given the drug courts currently in operation and the success with which they have operated to date it is clear that they are the future for drug related crime. According to the National Institute of Justice, â€Å"As of June 2010, there were over 2500 drug courts operating throughout the U.S. More than half of these target adult offenders; others address juvenile, child welfare and different court case types.† (National Institute of Justice, 2011) Anything that can reduce crime while at the same time reducing the potential for recidivism of criminals and benefit the community at the same time is a positive approach within the modern criminal justice system. By integrating treatment programs into the sentencing of the individuals for the drug related crimes committed society will see a vast difference over time as well as the levels currently seen in the prison system will be reduced. According to one report, â€Å"A number of randomized and controlled experimental studies published in peer-reviewed journals have found that drug court graduates have significantly lower re-arrest rates†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (National Institute of Justice,

Tim Burton and art Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Tim Burton and art - Research Paper Example Tim Burton’s controversial pieces in a myriad of forms of art add flair to the debatable position that the art culture continually gets attached to. It can thereby be correctly stated that making a contribution to the industry in the manner in which Tim Burton does is a unique package that any other industry would warmly welcome. In this discourse, a view of the career that Tim Burton has had in art industry is made in order to highlight the importance that individual artists uniquely add to the entire culture. The uniqueness of this artist is particularly given the center-stage in a number of reviews for four different art pieces. Perhaps one striking contrast in the personality of this artist in the discussion is the current profession, though still in art, which is a complete shift from his earlier forms of art works. An introduction to the artist’s cultural environment during his career and his profile enable a critical analysis on his works which ends in a conclusion on the general contribution to American culture in the tail end of the discourse. Artists’ style of work is largely influenced by the prevailing environment due to the close relationship that art and culture or social surrounding of a people. It therefor implies that something can be picked from an artist’s work to depict the form of influential waves prevailing in form of culture that the people in the artist’s community had. Tim Burton’s career commenced in the early 1980’s during which fine art experienced many changes. Tim Burton was brought up at a time when the movie industry was hitting the market and he particularly had a taste for film works. Interestingly revelations on his early life confirm his liking for films where he made the influence contributed to his spirited input in making his first film in 1971 when only 13 years of age. Film making industry influence assisted in bringing out the artist skills in the artist by triggering interest in film

Learning Visual Basic Essay Example for Free

Learning Visual Basic Essay Visual Basic was a learning challenge for me. After my first assignment, I started learning from my mistakes and eventually started understanding a little more at a time. Having already learned a few basics in Web Development coding, Visual Basic was quite a bit different in programming language. Visual Basic is an Integrated Development Environment (IDE), which uses a Graphical User Interface (GUI) to create and modify code that is written in a basic programming language. There are different ways to use code in Visual Basic to make time more manageable by using less lines of code. During Class we learned how to convert algorithms to programs using input, output, variables, and looping. By reading flowcharts, hierarchy charts, and pseudo code a person can analyze and process the steps on how a program is to run. There was also a discussion on the different data types and how to use them. There are 11 data types used in Visual Basic and they are: * Boolean * Byte * Currency * Data * Double * Integer * Long * Object * Single * String * Variant Using Windows Form Applications, various input/output boxes were designed and rogrammed to run by setting up variables using expressions and operators. Visual Basic could be an asset in the future as I pursue a career in Computer Science or programming. I believe this course will help by adding to the accumulating skills and could be used to open many opportunities in the Information Technology field. Learning to analyze and make decisions on various programs and their creation, Visual Basic could aid in understanding different coding concepts that may be familiar or similar.

The Internets Impact on Traditional Genres of Art :: Technology Computers Essays

The Internet's Impact on Traditional Genres of Art Data technology and computers are without a doubt already playing a major role in very many peoples’ lives and will probably do so far into the future. Every single day the little power-up sequence of turning a computer on happens millions of times all over the world, and is commonly more and more often followed by making the computer â€Å"go online† via the Internet and the World Wide Web. â€Å"In a few years men will be able to communicate more effectively through a machine than face to face.† (Mayer 1999, p14). This dramatic statement is from an article written by two computer visionaries; Licklider and Robert Taylor as far back as in 1968. They realized in the 1960’s that people weren’t satisfied with just interacting with their computers. They wanted to use their computers to interact with other people. The rise of the personal computer by Apple and IBM introduced the rest of the world to computing. In the 1980’s PCs became a common fi xture in homes and offices, and the Internet and the World Wide Web started to kick of. People were using their computers as Licklider and Taylor had prophesized, as a medium to interact with other people. Today computers are - next to telephones and face-to-face conversations - without a doubt the most used medium for communication in industrialized countries. People send enormous amounts of emails every day, videoconferencing is getting more and more common and online chatting rooms and discussion forums are becoming increasingly more popular. Actually, according to www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm the amount of internet users worldwide 1st of September 2004, was as many as 800,040,498, as opposed to â€Å"only† 360,971,012 in 2000. A growth of no less than 121.6 %. So how is this impacting on traditional genres of art? As mentioned above the Internet is a very fast growing medium, also for interaction between people. This relatively new medium has not only created a lot of new types of occupations and businesses, it has also in many ways altered a number of the existing ones. This also applies within the field of art. As art has traditionally been thought of as something one can touch or view up close, like a painting or a sculpture, some find it hard to accept digital art to be a proper form of art. But as Shawn Olson – a former photojournalist and now the author of â€Å"Artistic Network creative arts† on the web - states; â€Å"I've heard people say that technology lessens the value of art.

Marvelous Hstory Makings for Women from 1865 Essay

Women have sought out equality and its benefits for the longest of time. Their desire to own themselves and control the world’s perspective of women has been motivation throughout decades. Looking back as far as 1865, Women have always worked hard to care for the family even while they stood behind the man. Women used their skills to manage the home by bringing income in through making and selling clothing. There was a time when it was unacceptable for a woman’s shoulders to be bare in public, and unheard of to be seen with their belly visible. Sex without marriage was obscene as was the option of having sex with preventive methods. And they eventually won the battle of who can and cannot vote. Women struggled against men for and objective females for the right to enlist in the military. Abortion was brought to existence to protect women from birthing unwillingly. The world experienced several acts and rights to ensure women gained equality. Women tackled the world for women related changes drastically since 1865 and do not plan to back down. This paper defines that women have fought for equality in employment, fashion, voting, military choice, and even birth options; they achieved such rights through feminist acts like the women’s liberation movement and they will forever expect rightful equality. â€Å"Women worked hard to create income for their family, such as making clothes from scratch, turning fresh raw game into meals, cleaning homes and baking† (Bowles, M. 2011). Women did just about everything that a man did on top of their own work; they had to be prepared for the unexpected. Women would have to do other things like, tending to the farm animals, and handling the crops. Where democratic freedom is concerned, women fell short along with African Americans for the longest of time. 1842-1932, Anna Elizabeth Dickinson, an orator of the American Civil War period spoke out on women’s rights. She gave her first serious speech in 1860, before the Civil War began, addressing the Pennsylvania Anti-Slavery Society. In 1861, she spoke on the ‘Rights and Wrongs of Women’. She spoke for organizations that focused on adult education programs (Woloch, N. (2013). Education could free women. Women searched for equality in the work place; for real payroll opportunities that were only granted to males. â€Å"There were far less than few professions offered to women if they sought a career for themselves. Other than a teacher, a nurse, or a social worker, women were not given the chance at other forms of employment† (Bowles, M. 2011). Females were given a short break when war began, and were allowed secretary, cook and nurse positions. The women’s rights movement was kicked off in year 1848. Elizabeth Cady Stanton, an American leader in the women’s right movement put together the Declaration of Rights for women. The declaration gained 68 women signatures as well as 32 men signatures. Not only was this declaration of rights after the end of women’s struggle for work equality, but also for educational strengthening, and desired voting rights. â€Å"Stanton, and another strong willed women like Susan B. Anthony, fought through the late 19th century to be victorious, unfortunately as their passing came in 1902 and 1906 they still were not welcome to vote† (Bowles, M. 2011). Women accessed small freedoms along their journey to the great equality. Women strived for dramatic change in their lives. While rights of voting, necessary education and military options were in the works women started making changes that did not require the governments time. Women spiced up their attire. The 19th-century dress reform was a social protest. Dress reformers set their bodies free from the physical and ideological constraints of society’s acceptance of fashion. The reform became a stand for equality. The reform short dress embodied the movement’s ideas by redefining femininity and influence for women. â€Å"In the 19th century America industrialization revolutionized life, pushing cultural, social, political, and even educational change. Opportunities for women extended and contracted simultaneously. Such tremendous social upheaval in such a short time, fifty years created significant tension in the United States† (Torrens, K. M. 1999). Women were on fire. Women cut their hair, began sporting the bob, and experimented with makeup. With the exception of actresses very few women wore lip stick or even powder on their face. To see women decorating their faces for reasons other than entertainment was absurd, yet alluring and exciting. Women were making their mark in America. â€Å"Short skirts, unbuckled boots, and heavy makeup made up the ‘flapper’. Daring teenage girls explored this look and older generations were stunned by the outrageous fashions and attitudes† (Bliven, B. 1925, Sept. 9). â€Å"Women’s skirt lengths crept up through the years; presently we are not awe struck to see a skirt not worthy of being called a skirt, but in 1915 most considered a skirt that ended below the knee to be simply scandalous† (Bowles, M. 2011). In the 1920’s flappers were considered a new breed of young Western women who wore the above mentioned short skirts, bobbed hairstyles, and they also listened to jazz. They would flaunt their rebellious ways in society. Flappers wore excessive makeup, drank, smoked and they were guilty of treating sex more casually than the bond between married people. Not all women were as bold and could reveal as much skin as the flapper girls. â€Å"Many tried to gracefully mix the old with the new in order to protect themselves as well as fit in with the new† (Torrens, K. M. 1999). Women took control of appearance. It took years for women of generations, races, cultures etc†¦ to accept the option to dress how they wish, and even presently there are still cultures that resist the urge to break free and dominate their attire, but for American women fashion is freedom. Fashion is a historical point made that women will be equal, women will stand as tall as men and be seen, heard and respected as man, not just thought of as â€Å"from the rib, which God has taken from man, made him a woman, and gave her to the man† (Robert A. Couric, 2003). I, as a woman, vote yes to that. Voting has been a desire of women for quite a stretch of time. Act after failed act women fought passionately for equality in voting. What sense does it make that a male can choose who runs his country and a female cannot have a say? When the Declaration of Independence was done in 1776, it stated that all men were created equal, but said nothing of women’s rights. â€Å"Several women’s rights leaders found this to be unacceptable and, along with other proud women, Stanton created the term ‘Womanisfesto,’ which was modeled after the Declaration of Independence† (Roberts, 2005). Passed by Congress June 4, 1919, and approved on August 18, 1920, the 19th amendment promised all American women the right to vote. Victory took decades to achieve. Marches, speeches, letters of defiance, and civil disobedience all lead to the radical change of the Constitution. Before that in 1869 the National Woman Suffrage Association was begun, with the goal of securing an amendment to the Federal Constitution for woman suffrage (Woman suffrage). After years with much fight, failure and motivation to enforce women’s rights to vote, the 19th amendment was finally accomplished. The Presidential election of November, 1920, was the first official opportunity for all American women to utilize their right to vote (Woman suffrage). War caused huge vacancies, resulting in great opportunity for women because they were discriminated against in job choice. There was a high demand for assistance in the field, therefore the government called women in to volunteer for service, and why not take that shot at future security. Unfortunately they were not given military privileges or benefits. Women were granted the chance to also serve the military in secretarial jobs and some women drove trucks. Women gained employment during the war, but unfortunately lost them once men returned from Europe. â€Å"The participation of women in the war was serious, not only for the nation, but for their own cause† (Bowles, M. 2011). Women started off serving in the military as contracted or volunteered nurses, cooks and they even disguised themselves as soldiers. During the American Revolution Deborah Samson joined in the Continental Army as Robert Shurtliff, she served as a soldier for almost one whole year, but that opportunity for females was stripped from them when the armed forces decided they were going to ensure that only the healthiest men were in the service, so they started thorough physical examinations (history and collections). The 1960s and 1970s saw an important legislation enacted to address sex discrimination in employment and education. Phyllis Schlafly, a woman opposing the equal rights amendment accused that the amendment would create a â€Å"unisex society† while weakening the family, harming the vision of the homemaker, legalizing homosexuality, and exposing girls to the military draft† (Steinem, G. 1970). Well, women on board with the equal rights amendment were all for it, and would not stop aiming for success even if some of the shared sex were against it. In 1948 Congress passed the Women’s Armed Services Integration Act allowing women status in the military, as well as veteran’s benefits. During the late 1940’s females were allowed permanency as members of the armed forces. They were given all the power men have in military; presently in 2013, the United States Armed Forces flipped a 1994 rule that bans women from serving in certain combat positions, totally cleared the way for women to hold positions in front line units and powerful commando teams. Rights of work choice were on the rise for women. Women were frustrated with their place in society and their progress in their fight to obtain employment and achieve equal rights. In 1960 the amount of women workers doubled in 1940, and just about 40 percent of all females over the age sixteen had employment. The female employee rate increased four times quicker than the rate of men. Wives at work doubled in percentage in between 1940 and 1960† (Purnell, S. E. 1976). The Women’s Liberation Movement was a feminist political movement which developed in the 1960s and 1970s. Year 1961 oral contraceptives or birth control was accessible for women and it was the first step of the women’s liberation movement. In 1961, President Kennedy’s commission to examine the issues involving women discovered that discriminatory actions were indeed being taken against women. In 1963, the Equal Rights Act was in place. It ensured that discrimination between sexes concerning the wages in the work establishment was against the law. In 1964 President Johnson finalized the Civil Rights Act. Signed papers did not mean that realistically women were treated fairly, so a group of women known as NOW, or National Organization for Women took action to bring women’s participation in society up to par, as equal partners to men. The liberation movement made huge steps for women to ensure equality and opened doors for other possibilities for women. The choice to birth a child or not became a concern for women. Several anti-abortion laws had been around since at least 1900. Abortion was prohibited in 30 states and legal only under certain scenarios that could include rape-pregnancies, or incest in the other 20 states. 1925 Margaret Sanger presented the world with her speech, The Children’s Era; the speech addressed the results of overpopulation and a lack of birth control options. Her words: â€Å"Before you can cultivate a garden, you must know something about gardening. You have got to give your seeds a proper soil in which to grow†¦ † (Margaret Sanger, 1925). There is a difference in relation to giving birth unwilling and doing so unprepared. Just about two years after this successful speech, Ms. Sanger spoke at the first World Population Conference in Geneva. Understanding that women would be blamed for their conditions and the repeated pregnancies they faced, Sanger reached out to her audiences in hopes they would help fund her birth control ideas and laws. She used the stories of children to bond her listeners and force support for the services for mothers. She also goes in to great detail about diseases, and a couple other issues concerning life without birth control. It is no secret that there are situations where girls are drugged or raped and result in unwanted or unsafe pregnancies. Where are their escapes? In 1973 the Supreme Court made the decision Roe v. Wade. It invalidated all of the above mentioned laws, and reset guidelines for the abortion. That granted women the right to abort life if they believed it necessary. I, as a young woman and mother, do not shout for joy in this particular right, but I can certainly appreciate the option if ever the horrifying requirement presented itself. Birth control has also become a growing industry that allows women so many different methods of contraception. It is a great thing too, because the open options allow less unaccepted abortions. Women have succeeded in much more than the allowance to choose birth; they have birthed great opportunities for future women. Decades of females fighting for the chance at equality, none of it went in vain for women have gracefully achieved the long awaited desires. Employment is now option and right to women. Women are no longer viewed as the weaker sex and entitled only to house wife, farm girl, or clothing makers. Women dramatically transformed their appearance, giving life to their look. They can realistically and openly express themselves; they have opened a world of opportunity for present and future generations. Military branched out and welcomed women with open arms after quite the fuss, but women are proud Americans as well and have done their fair share in bringing wars to end. The ballot boxes are no longer limited to the male species only, women successfully conquered that battle and have continued to show up to every voting occasion. Women even won the war of being able to choose whether or not to have child. Life is not fair, but women have gained rights to fairness in all that they do in society. There still may be corners of the world with different perspectives on how women rank in society, but watch out for the modern day Elizabeth Stanton and Susan B. Anthony, because there will always be strong women ready to right the wrongs of inequality.

Describe the various stages of the typical lifecycle of an individual in the UK today and identify the most relevant financial products that should be considered at each stage Essay

Describe the various stages of the typical lifecycle of an individual in the UK today and identify the most relevant financial products that should be considered at each stage To date, the interpretation of the concept of â€Å"life cycle of the individual† has a lot of variations. In this case, the main of them wearing in one degree or another echo of the financial and economic issues, is: – The sequence of qualitatively different stages of development of the organism. – Model income and consumption over the life. With regard to the first definition, then there also exists a certain gradation, which is the existence of several theories regarding the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the stages of the life cycle. The most famous theory of division of the life cycle of an individual on the steps of the theory are researchers such as Alpheus Hyatt, Sullivan, Thomas S. Dalton, Randy B. Evans, and also such theory as of E. Erikson and Joel Martin. The most expedient and convenient to the financial context of the question is the theory of the division of the life cycle of an individual to a number of stages by Alpheus Hyatt. This theory is the basis for the division of the life cycle of an individual to 3 stages: formation, productive phase and effective step. Phase formation covers the time period from the moment of birth of the individual up to 25 – 32 years. This period is due to the formation of life basis, so on the first stage of the life cycle is the formation of the moral aspects of the personality, the initial accumulation of experience and the formation of an information foundation that actually affects the formation of a set of financial products most commonly consumed by the population of the United Kingdom in the future. Productive stage is the second stage in the life cycle of an individual, including an individual residing in the United Kingdom. This stage lasts from the end of the formation phase of up to 54 – 62 years. This cycle is considered to be working during it productively apply the knowledge and experience gained and accumulated during the formation phase. These years were marked by a high capacity for work and the desire to implement ideas and achieve their goals. Finally, the third stage of the life cycle – score is final. It extends from the end of the productive phase until the end of life. It was during this cycle; individuals are satisfied with the achievements and receive a reward for all his works and deeds, not only morally, but also in material terms. As for the second definition of the life cycle of the individual, in this case it should be noted that in the context of the problem, the latter is more rational in terms of financial and economic sense, and as the former requires more detailed consideration, but at the same time, the latter is specifies the elements of a continuation and development stages of the first definition, namely, its financial and economic sense. In this regard, it is worth noting that in the present world context of the above issue, it is a rational assumption that, as a rule, children who actually represent the first stage in the life cycle, live at the expense of their parents, if we talk about the first part of the first phase life cycle, namely up to 18 years, speaking about the citizens of the United Kingdom. In addition, the first stage of the life cycle, as well as generally achieved the highest level of consumption, which is due to a period of the early years of adulthood, and forcing a number of items to purchase household goods and parenting. Such financial and economic characteristics of the first period of the life cycle, flows smoothly into the second, but in the first case applies the highest consumption level in the second half stage , what concerns the productive phase of the life cycle, in this case, the highest consumption level in the first half of the spread phase. This model leads to a model of savings, which are usually small in the early years of adulthood, high in the period after the children have grown and become negative during retirement. Thus, the youth begins with low incomes (1th stage of the life cycle), which is gradually increased until it reaches middle age (the 2nd stage of the life cycle), and then the characteristic of income is the sharp decline stage (third stage of life cycle), due to retirement. Usually, the third stage of the life cycle as well due to the receipt of earned income and more (to the end of life), but usually in smaller amounts. Consequently, the assets of households tend to grow until retirement and a reduction thereafter. â€Å"Start† and whether the â€Å"finish† if in fact the assets at zero depends on how society relates to the question of inheritance: the majority of people, particularly those who living in the UK leave positive assets at the time of his death, if only because they do not know when it will happen. Also worth noting, and take into account when considering the life cycle of a typical person in the UK today, the fact that the life-cycle model of savings assumes that the distribution of assets will be uneven between households, even if their incomes and social positions within the same life cycle. Along with all the above, it should be noted that all life cycle stages listed above are typical for any individual residing in the territory of more and less economically developed countries in general, and for individuals residing in the territory particularly the United Kingdom. Considering the financial products as part of normal everyday life of individuals living in the United Kingdom in each of these stages of the life cycle, it should be noted that financial products are integral part of daily life. With regard to the factors described through the use of financial products throughout the life cycle of the individual resided in the UK to date, it should be noted that the most common financial products today are shares, loans, particularly mortgages, deposits, options, futures, swaps, those insurance some aspect of life and objects, as well as commodity contracts and interest rates. All of the above financial products individuals residing in the United Kingdom is used throughout the life cycle. At the same time, depending on the stage of the life cycle of an individual uses certain financial products, inherent to its needs relevant to this stage. At the first stage of the life cycle, so from birth to 25 – 32 years, United Kingdom for individuals most relevant is the use of such financial products, such as long-term and Short-term loans, particularly mortgages, compulsory insurance, in particular, Medical insurance, pension insurance and liability insurance, in addition, quite common in the above-mentioned period of the life cycle of an individual is the UK property insurance. At the second stage of the life cycle, so from 25 – 32 years and 54 – 62 years of the United Kingdom most individual relevance use financial products such as stocks, options, futures and swaps , as well as commodity contracts and interest rates. At the same time, so it should be noted that at this stage of life do not lose relevance and financial products such as compulsory insurance and property insurance, as well urgent to use life and health insurance. Thus, considering all of the above it should be noted that the second phase of the life cycle of an individual residing in the UK, today used the widest range of financial products than during other stages. The reason for this state of affairs is the fact that it was during the second stage of the life cycle, as a rule, most individuals who living in the UK reach a peak of career, have a family, get a certain amount of real estate and other property, as well as characterized by the highest level of wages for all life cycle. In the third stage of the life cycle, the most relevant financial products used by individuals of the United Kingdom are the deposits, most types of insurance, especially with regard to life insurance, as well as the most reliable stocks and other securities. As seen from the above, in the third stage of the life cycle most individuals are trying to best protect their use of financial products, reducing the risks to minimum that is logical, given that the reporting stage of the life cycle lasts from 54 – 62 years until his death. Analyzing the life cycle of an individual United Kingdom, as well it should be noted that the only financial product that is gaining relevance for UK citizens at the stage of formation, and does not lose so for productive and efficient life-cycle stages is insurance. In this case, depending on the stage of the life cycle are added only certain types of insurance and insurance objects. This situation is related not only to the existence of the United Kingdom of compulsory insurance, which in itself suggests the beginning of the use of insurance to meet individual age and continues until death, but also the factor that the whole life cycle of the individual accompanies a number of risks of varying complexity and specifically, these risks relate to most other financial products used by individuals throughout life. Of course, the actual separation of the above financial products for individuals residing in the United Kingdom is far from ambiguous, since it depends not only on the age group that falls under one or another individual, but also on other factors, for example such as the scope of activities, family status, presence of children, average salary, and others. For example, the likelihood that students will benefit from the mortgage insurance or property is extremely small, but if the stage of formation (in the second half of the stage) the individual is enrolled in higher educational institution (for example in postgraduate) has a wife and / or children, the probability of acquiring such individual mortgage and other long-term loans, as well as property insurance, increases dramatically. Along with this, there is an example of a large homeowner or just an entrepreneur and working diner, which are on the second stage of the life cycle. Range of financial products an individual representing the first and second class will be significantly different. For the first and most urgent is to use various tools to expand their existing business, by finding additional sources of joining the capital, one of which is the acquisition of commodity contracts, options, futures and swaps, as all of these financial products can not only increase the capital of the individual, but and to do this in the shortest possible period of time in comparison with other financial products. For an ordinary worker, all financial products relevant to a wealthy individual would not be as relevant for a given individual will acquire greater relevance compulsory insurance and the use of shares and promissory notes. However, at this graduation, presented earlier are the most widespread and the most relevant classification of financial products such individuals regarding the use of the United Kingdom. Reference List 1. Alpheus, H. (1902) Cycle in the life of the individual (Ontogeny) and in the evolution of its own group (Phylogeny).

Doctor Assisted Suicide essays

Doctor Assisted Suicide essays Throughout recent years, debate in the U.S. about doctor-assisted suicide has gradually increased. The question of whether or not a physician should be able to assist in the planned death of a fatally sick person has been argued by many different sides. Assisted suicide advocates, such as Right to Die organizations, argue that human beings that are terminally ill should have the right to end their suffering and die with dignity. Opponents of the subject, such as the AMA, claim that the idea is morally wrong and will lead the medical profession to value death, instead of preserving life. The issue of assisted death is widely acknowledged throughout the world. In fact, doctor assisted suicide is legal in the Netherlands as well as the state of Oregon, and the act also takes place illegally in the U.S. and around the rest of the world. Assisted suicide is either prohibited by law or has been prohibited by court rulings in just about every state. Attempts to legalize assisted suicide through voter initiative were defeated in California in 1992 and Washington State in 1991(issues).. Over 20 state legislatures have considered and overpowered similar laws(issues). Oregon's policy on doctor-assisted suicide differs from all other U.S. policies in that it declares the operation legal. The policy is called the Death with Dignity Act. The Death with Dignity Act allows physicians to prescribe qualified patients a fatal dosage of medicine. The patient is qualified when two doctors must judge independently that the patient has six months or less to live, patients must have explored all treatment options, witnesses must affirm that the patient seeks to die willingly and, if a person's mental competence is in question, a psychologist must confirm that the patient is neither mentally incompetent nor depressed (Oregon). When assisted-suicide is made legal many risks and unwanted conditions may become evident. People fear that if the...

Impressive Ways to Improve Your English Writing Just Sitting in Front of Genius

Impressive Ways to Improve Your English Writing Just Sitting in Front of Genius Impressive Ways to Improve Your English Writing Just Sitting in Front of Genius It’s probably debatable that a person can improve his/her English writing skills by watching a movie. Indeed, it is absolutely true that you can improve your vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation by doing just that – watching TV. Not All Movies Of course, there are some movies and some Hollywood-produced films that would rather improve your usage of different cursing than will make you a master in English writing! Genius A movie that has captured the imagination recently is the Michael Grandage-directed film Genius, starring Colin Firth and Jude Law. The film is based on a story about a man called Maxwell Perkins, a book editor, and his relationship with a writer Thomas Wolfe. Both have their eccentricities, and their ideas and feelings were bound to fight with each other. It is the dialogue that makes the movie a ‘must see. Moreover, it can help improve your writing skill. Lets see how. Use of Words Her eyes were blue. So quickly did he fall for her that no one in the room even heard the sound While reading a book it is not always needed to understand everything word-for-word. Of course we   picked up the fact that when one falls for somebody that it is rather emotional, but not a physical fall. Such a method made us relax that is very important when you read just for pleasure. It’s doubtful that a lot of English can be learnt just listening to Wolfe, with his southern accent, read out aloud, but the low and measured tones and pronunciation by Perkins, played by Colin Firth, should have inspired English learners to pick up a book like Look Homeward, Angel to enjoy the nuances of the English language. â€Å"Look at all these books. Do you ever stop to consider the pure man-sweat that went into each and every line?† If we talk about the academic papers, there we can also use such a method to catch the reader’s attention. But still, there are some kinds of papers, where you have to omit such informal expressions. Using the Terms While the movie should not be taken as an English vocabulary lesson, budding English learners would have no doubt been enchanted by the use of particular words that were used during the film. For example the usage of ‘man-sweat’ instead of saying ‘hard work’. â€Å"Think back in the caveman days, our ancestors would huddle around the fire at night and wolves   would be howling in the dark,   just beyond the light. And one person would start talking. And he would tell a story, so we wouldnt be so scared in the dark.† You should understand that all writing is about telling a story. The Real Way They Speak WÐ °tÃ' hÃ'â€"ng movies Ã'â€"Ã'• a great wÐ °Ã'Æ' for you to Ã'â€"mÃ'€rÐ ¾vÐ µ your English, Ð µÃ'•Ã'€Ð µÃ' Ã'â€"Ð °llÃ'Æ' Ã'Æ'Ð ¾ur lÃ'â€"Ã'•tÐ µnÃ'â€"ng Ð °nd Ã'•Ã'€Ð µÃ °kÃ'â€"ng skills. FÃ'â€"lmÃ'• are not uÃ'•uÐ °llÃ'Æ' Ã' rÐ µÃ °tÐ µd fÐ ¾r English language lÐ µÃ °rnÐ µrÃ'• thÐ µÃ'Æ' Ð °rÐ µ mÐ °dÐ µ for nÐ °tÃ'â€"vÐ µ EnglÃ'â€"Ã'•h Ã'•Ã'€Ð µÃ °kÐ µrÃ'•. Therefore, thÐ µ lÐ °nguÐ °gÐ µ Ã'â€"Ã'• exactly hÐ ¾w Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u can hear Ã'â€"t Ã'â€"n the real lÃ'â€"fÐ µ it is Ã'•Ã'€Ð ¾kÐ µn quickly, wÃ'â€"th nÐ °tÃ'â€"vÐ µ Ð °Ã' Ã' Ã µnt Ð °nd Ã'€rÐ ¾nunÃ' Ã'â€"Ð °tÃ'â€"Ð ¾n, full of idioms Ð °nd Ã' Ã ¾lloquÃ'â€"Ð °l expressions. English Writing It is a definitely great idea for all English language Ã'•tudÐ µntÃ'• tÐ ¾ wÐ °tÃ' h films Ã'â€"n EnglÃ'â€"Ã'•h Ã'â€"n thÐ µÃ'â€"r spare time fÐ ¾r additional Ã'€rÐ °Ã' tÃ'â€"Ã' Ã µ thÐ °t they might not gÐ µt in the classroom. You can even use movies instead of an English writing online course to enlarge your knowledge without wasting money.

Why College Athletes Should Be Paid To Play Sports Research Paper

Why College Athletes Should Be Paid To Play Sports - Research Paper Example The NCAA is the body charged with the responsibility of governing every facet of college sports in the United States. Established in 1906, NCAA has evolved over the years in its activities which are to the best interest of student-athletes, member universities, and the general public. However, critics do not buy this as the body has been, lately, under the skeptic's attack concerning the standoff on paying college athletes. They ask the question to whose interest is NCAA working. Most writers on collegiate sports confirm that college athletes bring sizable revenue to their institutions. But what do they get in return? Woods, 65, reports that an athlete on full scholarship receives a four-year education that may be worth an upward of $50,000 per year on the higher side. This covers books, room, and tuition. It is true that Football and men’s’ basketball college athletes generate huge incomes to the tune of billions to the schools and NCAA, yet they receive stipends in th e form of scholarships.Unlike other students, college athletes are prohibited from engaging in part-time jobs that can earn them money as most of their time is spent preparing for the sport.This implies that student-athletes are disadvantaged in the financial arena for the time they can use to earn extra cash is utilized in the pitch. It is therefore proper that the athletes be paid beyond what they are paid in the form of scholarships, at least to cater for their miscellaneous expenses and an appreciation of their valuable talents.

HRM Innovation and Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

HRM Innovation and Change - Essay Example strategic goals to maintain competitive advantage through reorganization and emphasizing on improved communication amongst the management and employees. He also ensured that new arenas were explored for innovation and new product development introduced for the pre-defined customers as per their changing requirements with competitive pricing. The given text has reaffirmed the need of managerial leadership that has become imperative to facilitate more accommodating approach to the changing dynamics of the organizational culture and management. The integrated approach promotes collective vision of the organization and provides the necessary impetus to the employees to strive towards it. The management needs to accept the challenge of creating a cohesive and encouraging atmosphere so that the workers could get effective learning environment. They are provided with a wider scope for professional growth in the area of core competencies. Indeed, with the global competition becoming increasingly stiff, the jobs specifications are becoming less rigid and changing the overall perspective of job criteria and employment. The compulsions of the present times require versatility in the working force. Individuals and firms must embrace the culture of multi skilled professionals that are able to meet the challenges with efficiency and unmatched proficiency. The fundamental HR strategy must become more flexible for managing successful organization workforce. In the contemporary business environment, effective communication is essential for inculcating shared responsibilities, common goals and collective decision making. It can thus, be concluded that human resource strategy has become the most critical factor that develops the highly indigenous team of human capital that helps to provide the organization with a competitive advantage that is unique. HR initiatives are vital ingredients of managing change. The workforce is the backbone of an organization and the HR strategy needs

The family has a responsabilittyof socializing children to basic Essay

The family has a responsabilittyof socializing children to basic understanding of social norm. when that socialinzation fails , the parents should be held responsible - Essay Example B. Support for the statement either personal experience of researched material that supports your statement – for example – For the first several weeks of a child’s lives, a child is totally dependent on its caregiver for food, clothing, and shelter. Once a child reaches 6 weeks of age, the child may be sent to a daycare facility where others may begin attending to these biological needs as well. However, studies have shown that more than biological needs must be met during this crucial developmental period. Partridge, Devine, Hornstein, and Marsh (2001) stated that, â€Å" Consistent, nurturing, predictable, structured and enriching experiences in a safe environment during early childhood have a positive impact on brain organization and function, leading toward more empathetic, responsible, and fully functioning adults† (p 1). C. Objections and refutation people do not agree with your claim – you must allow the other side room to voice their opinion and then provide research to show why they are incorrect. For example – Some parents feel that after a certain age, children are no longer their responsibility. For example, some parents feel that by age 7 or 8 the child can become what is known as a â€Å"latch key† child and be left unattended after school for hours. However there are laws to protect young children who are left unattended. According to Latch-key-Kids.org, no child under the age of 12 should be left home unattended and there are many states including Colorado, Delaware, Kansas, Wisconsin, and Wyoming where that law is enforced. Other states such as Washington, Tennessee, South Carolina, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, and Maryland have laws with mandatory younger ages for leaving children alone. At the time of birth, a child will only be a raw material. He will become a finished good or a complete human only after the interactions with the environment including family and society. In other words, family and society are

Product analysis of maggi noodles in india

Product analysis of maggi noodles in india The Indian subsidiary of the global FMCG giant, Nestle SA Nestle India Limited introduced the brand Maggi in India in 1982. This launch of Maggi no0odles was the platform for an entirely new food category of instant noodles in India. It quickly gained popularity as a quick snack and was widely accepted in the Indian market. The company got the first mover advantage in this category and as a result, was able to retain its successful leader position in the category till the early 2000s. In order to target the health conscious consumers, in the year 2005, Nestle India Limited expanded by brand extension offering various healthy food products under the brand name Maggi. In an effort to extend its healthy foods concept, in May 2006, Nestle India Limited, launched a new variety of instant noodles product called Maggi Dal Atta Noodles (Dal Atta Noodles) under the popular Maggi brand. These Dal Atta Noodles, unlike the traditional Maggi noodles, were made of whole wheat and pulses, and were positioned as a healthy instant noodles. In addition to the instant noodles, Nestle India Limited also offeres a variety of other food products such as soups, sauces and ketchups, cooking aids (seasonings), etc., under the Maggi brand. Positioning [by product attribute] Maggi noodles by nestle comes under the food products category can be specifically placed under instant food category. Maggi was introduced in 1982 as a snack food and since then has been tweaked with a series of repositioning and brand extension strategies to feed the need of the time. Fast to Cook Good to Eat is the tagline for Maggi. Nestle India Limited (NIL) in the past years has aggressively promoted Maggi noodles via various methods like free sample distribution, distributing gifts in exchange of empty packs, etc. The company used its advertising strategically to create an effective impact on the communication of the benefits of the product to target consumers. Its advertisements projected magi as a fun snack for the kids which gave the mothers ease of preparation. Use of taglines like Mummy, bhookh lagi hai (Mom, Im hungry), Bas 2-Minute, (Only 2 minutes) and Fast to Cook Good to Eat effectively communicated the products benefits to target consumers. Maggi is positioned for consumption for the SEC A B consumption household. Its primary target audience is the children in the age group between 6-14 years. It has tried to cater to the low income householders by introducing the Rs. 5/- pack. It was designed to be consumed as a evening snack. The commercial designed for the same show kids of the fore-mentioned age group in the evening time consuming Maggi. Over the period of time with the need for healthy food (Vegetable Atta Noodles) gaining ground it repositioned itself by positioning it as healthy food. This was of paramount importance as the buyer in this case were mother who were going to feed there children who were in the growing age group. Given the special care that mother take of children in this age group Nestle has been trying to promote the healthy part more and more. It is packaged in bright yellow color given that this color is quite attractive to younger people. This color makes Maggi both easily distinguishable and also lively.It has a strong distribution and its availability is present in both traditional retail (kirana stores) and up-market posh supermarkets. It sells mostly in single size serving however it has innovatively changed the packaging allowing multiple serving inside the same packet. Through this it wants to increase brand loyalty. Typically the higher sizes are for regular consumption households and are available at slight discounts. Also from time to time it has been trying to leverage and rejuvenate the brand with interesting Brand extensions. Brand Extensions Maggi Soups 1988 Indian Ethnic Foods Pickles Sambhar Dosa Batter Vada Batter Macroni Maggi Coconut Milk Maggi Tamarind Sauce Maggie Chinese Noodles MAGGI CUPPA MANIA MAGGI Sauces MAGGI Pichkoo MAGGI Pizza Mazza MAGGI MAGIC Cubes MAGGI Bhuna Masala Market Analysis Nestle India Limited NIL operates in Four Segments in India: Prepared Dishes and Cooking Aids Segment Milk Products and Nutrition Segment Chocolate and Confectionery Segment Beverages Segment Prepared Dishes and Cooking Aids segment Maggi is the premium brand in this segment with the highest growth rate of 24.1 per cent in sales by value. The segment has also been a witness of a growth rate of 18.2 per cent in volume sales at 3.46 lakh tonnes during the period. Overall, Milk Products and Nutrition segment consisted of 47 per cent of the companys net sales during first quarter of 2008 (46.3 per cent in Q1 of 2008), followed by Prepared Dishes and Cooking Aids at 23.3 per cent (21.8 per cent), Beverages at 15.8 per cent (17.8 per cent) and Chocolate and Confectionery at 14.1 per cent (13.9 per cent) Maggi Sales The food processing business in India is at a nascent stage and is well poised to go into higher orbit. Presently, the share of the processed and packaged food consumption forms only 15% of the output. Penetration levels as well as per capita consumption in India is also low, as traditionally, Indians have been believers in consuming fresh stuff rather than packaged or frozen. However, the trend is changing and the new fast food generation is slowly altering its habits towards healthy food. The rise in income levels, urbanization, favorable demographics and changing lifestyle are the key drivers going forward. With around 200 Million people expected to shift to processed and packaged food by 2010, there lies a huge opportunity for makers of such products like Nestle India Limited to convert these potential consumers into loyal customers. Processed food market which was valued at Rs 4,600 billion in the year 2004, is expected to touch Rs 13,500 billion by 2015. With respect to Maggi Brand, the industry can be broadly classified into three sectors: Soups Sauces, Dressings and Condiments Noodles Soup The soup sector is rather small in India, but it is growing at a very rapid pace, registering a 16% CAGR in current value terms between 2003 and 2007 and increased by 20% in 2008-09, to reach a value of Rs942 million. Hindustan Unilever and Nestlà © India are the sectors leaders. Growth in soup sales in 2008-09 has been driven by wider options in soups, aggressive promotions and advertising activities by the main players and an increased reliance on instant foods, such as soups, by busy urban consumers. Soup players are trying to position their offerings as healthy snacks and meal solutions. Nestlà © India has positioned its Sanjeevani range of soups as wellness meal solutions due to the addition of healthy ingredients, such as almonds and amla, along with the addition of vegetables, no added colours or MSG, as well as being low in fat and cholesterol. Knorr and Maggi are the two premium soup brands in India, mainly due to their higher pricing, wide range of flavours and wellness positioning. Domestic soup brands such as MTR and Bambino are considered standard brands, due to their lower pricing. Canned soup brands are all positioned in the economy segment, with leading brands Chings Secret having lower prices. Major Brands and Companies in Soups sector are: Brand Company 2004- 05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 Knorr Hindustan Unilever Group 56.6 57.2 56.9 58.6 57.1 Maggi Nestlà © SA 28.5 29.1 30.6 31.5 28 Chings Secret Capital Foods Ltd 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 8.6 MTR Orkla Group 1.9 1.2 SAUCES, DRESSINGS AND CONDIMENTS Retail value sales of sauces, dressings and condiments have grown by 11% in 2008-09 to Rs25.4 billion. This increase is mainly attributed to the increase in regional brands due to the entrance of number of local players into the organized sector from the unorganized sector. Ketchup has registered the fastest value growth in sauces, dressings and condiments in 2008-09, at 13%. The rapid growth in sales of ketchup was driven by a combination of factors, including aggressive promotion in retail outlets and advertising by Hindustan Unilever and Nestlà © India, and the launch of new variants, such as Kissan Chatakdaar and Maggi Pichkoo. With a wider range of flavours which go well with Indian snacks, and small pack sizes which can be used for a single serving, ketchup maintained its high level of growth in 2008-09. The sauces, dressings and condiments sector is highly fragmented, with a large number of regional players. There are a few national players in the herbs and spices and dry sauces subsector and Hindustan Unilever and Nestlà © India are the two notable multinational players, with shares of around 5% each. Major Brands and Companies in Sauces, Dressings and Condiments sector are: Brand Company 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 Everest S Narendrakumar Co 17.9 18 17.6 17.6 17.4 MDH Mahashian Di Hatti Pvt Ltd 12.7 12.9 12.5 12.6 12.3 Priya Ushodaya Enterprises Ltd 8.8 8.3 8.7 9 8.4 Eastern Eastern Group 4.2 4.7 5.6 5.9 6.9 Mothers Recipe Desai Brothers Ltd 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.8 6 Hommade Dabur India Ltd 4.3 4.5 4.9 5.2 5.5 Maggi Nestlà © SA 4.4 4.6 4.8 4.8 5 Kissan Hindustan Unilever Group 4.7 4.9 4.9 5 4.9 Noodles Sales of Noodles have grown by 20% in 2008-09 to Rs 15.6 Billion. With Indian consumers leading increasingly busy lifestyles, less time is being devoted to cooking food at home, and urban consumers are opting for easy-to-cook solutions, such as noodles. As a result, instant noodles continue to dominate sales, accounting for almost 73% of retail value in 2008-09. While plain noodles, in the form of vermicelli, have traditionally been popular in South India to make full meals, more consumers are shifting to instant and plain noodles, which are easy to cook, for either full meals or snacks.

Korematsu vs. United States :: essays research papers

Fred Korematsu was born in the U.S. in 1919. His parents were born in Japan. Since he was born in the U.S. he was a citizen. He grew up like a normal kid in California. As he grew up, his life was normal, until the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1942. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, Japanese Americans were regarded as a threat to the U.S. President Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066, also know as the Exclusion Order. This Order stated that any descendents or immigrants from enemy nations who might be a threat to U.S. security will report to assembly centers for Internment. There were no trials or hearings. They were forced to evacuate and many lost their homes and their businesses. Fred Korematsu refused to go. He was a U.S. citizen. Fred Korematsu was grabbed by police, handcuffed, and taken to jail. His crime -- defying President Franklin Roosevelt's order that American citizens of Japanese descent report to internment camps This action violated Korematsu’s basic constitutional rights. The fourth amendment states, "The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated; and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized." The government’s actions clearly stepped over the boundaries of the constitution. As a U.S. citizen he should not have been pushed around like that. Korematsu decided to take his case to the court. Korematsu’s case first went to regional court. After being turned down there, he then went to the court of appeals. Being turned down there also, his lawyer appealed to the Supreme Court while he was held in the relocation camp. The Supreme Court decided to take his case, but then made the wrong worst decision ever. They decided to uphold the other courts’ decisions by a vote of six to three. Korematsu lost his case. After the war ended, the internment haunted the nation's conscience as well. In 1948 Congress took the first step in making amends, enacting the Japanese American Evacuation Claims Act to provide some monetary compensation to those who had lost homes and businesses because of the order. In 1980, Congress again opened the internment issue, and this time a stream of witnesses testified, many of them for the first time, of the hardships and psychological trauma they had suffered.

English Macbeth coursework Essay

Is the supernatural wholly responsible for the tragedy that occurs or is Macbeth fatally flawed and responsible for his own heinous crimes? It is my contention that all of the central characters have some integral part to play in the tragedy that occurs. Each have some function in the heinous crimes, and hence one individual cannot be held completely responsible for the bloodshed that occurs. William Shakespeare was born in April 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon. His father was named John Shakespeare; he was originally a glove maker before eventually becoming a politician. His mother, Mary Arden, belonged to the ranks of high society, being from a wealthy family, she subsequently inherited a great deal of money and farmland. Shakespeare was the third child born to the couple, but was the first to survive. The Shakespeare’s went on to have four children, Gilbert, Richard, Joan and Mary. Shakespeare’s family was quite wealthy, and when Shakespeare was four, his father was established as High Bailiff of Stratford. Shakespeare’s first school was Petty school and when he was seven, it is believed that he went to the local grammar school until at the age of twelve, when he left to help his father who had run into financial trouble. At the age of eighteen, Shakespeare met Anne Hathaway who was the daughter of a local farmer. She was twenty-six. They married in November 1582 and in May 1583 gave birth to their first child Susanna, she was followed two years later by twins Hamnet and Judith. Shortly after this, Shakespeare left Stratford, leaving his family behind. Sometime between 1585 and 1592, Shakespeare arrived in London and found a job in the theatre. He began to act and write a variety of plays and they were hugely popular, though many considered him to be intellectually insecure given that he was not university educated. In 1956, sadly young Hamnet died. By the age of 33, Shakespeare was making vast amounts of money and had been propelled to success, thus gaining country wide fame. He bought the second biggest house in Stratford, lots of land and a share in London’s finest theatre, ‘The Globe’. When James 1 became king he displayed a huge interest in the theatre given that he was patron of the arts. He ordered Shakespeare’s company to change their name to the ‘King’s Men’. In June 1613, Shakespeare’s play ‘Henry V111’ was put on at ‘The Globe’. During the play, a live cannon shot out a burning ball of paper, which landed on the thatched roof of the theatre. The whole building caught fire and within an hour it had burnt to the ground. After this, Shakespeare decided to retire and move back to Stratford. He was forty-nine and had written thirty-seven plays. He died on the 23rd of April 1616 at the age of fifty-two. He was buried two days later in Holy Trinity Church in Stratford. ‘Macbeth’ was an old Scottish legend and according to the ‘Holinshed’s chronicles of England, Scotland and Wales’, Macbeth became king of Scotland in 1040 after having defeated an inadequate, weak and youthful leader. Shakespeare’s Duncan was much older and demanded respect from Thanes; his murders were more heinous in the dramatic interpretation. The historical Macbeth reigned as king for 17 years. James 1, formerly a ruler in Scotland, was the eighth descendant of the Banquo-Fleance line and because of this Shakespeare presented Banquo in a more honourable light than the historical Banquo actually was. James 1 was intrigued and terrified by witchcraft. In 1597, he produced a book called ‘Daemonolougie’, which acted as a guide to recognise and defeat witches. King James believed that he had encountered witches and claimed three witches had raised a storm in order to drown him on his wedding trip. He believed that his encounter was real and three women were consequently murdered after they admitted sailing in a sieve to sink the ship. However, Shakespeare presented this encounter in Act one scene three. During this century, it is estimated that between 4,500 and 8,000 women were destroyed for supposedly practising witchcraft. The king even passed a law proclaiming death to anyone who was thought to be meddling in the dark forces. Shakespeare used the idea of witchcraft, kingship and moral order to develop the play, as these themes were greatly admired by a Jacobean audience. The play is extremely dramatic in its depiction of the corruption of natural order and raw ambition. It starts with the three strange witches meeting on an empty heath. King Duncan wins a great battle and Macbeth becomes a hero. Furthermore, Macbeth and Banquo meet the witches. They predict that Macbeth will be the ‘Thane of Cawdor’ and later King. The prophetic hag’s first prophecy comes true and Macbeth does become ‘Thane of Cawdor’. Macbeth writes to Lady Macbeth telling her what the witches said. In an ambitious move the husband and wife plot to kill King Duncan. When Duncan comes to stay at Macbeth’s castle, Lady Macbeth persuades Macbeth to go ahead with the murder and grudgingly he does. Malcolm and Donaldblain, sons of Duncan, escape to England and Macbeth is crowned King. However, Macbeth does not trust Banquo and has him murdered, but when Macbeth has a feast, Banquo’s ghost appears. Hence, Macbeth resolves to revisit the witches and he sees strange apparitions, meanwhile, Macduff’s wife and children are murdered by order of Macbeth. Lady Macbeth then becomes insane and dies. The castle is attacked, Macbeth is killed and Malcolm is proclaimed King. One lone character cannot be solely to blame for this tragedy, all of the central characters should be apportioned some blame. Macbeth is a brave and noble soldier who fought heroically for King Duncan. One would not suspect him of pre-mediated murder. Therefore, the witches must have had the ability to corrupt, manipulate and shape his mind. Macbeth must certainly be apportioned some blame as every man is in control of his own destiny. The witches never specifically told him to kill, they merely implanted a suggestion. Macbeth obviously had ambition, which was sparked from the beginning. The witches simply helped to spark this ambition and then worked to keep it alight. He acts along with the help of Lady Macbeth. She manipulates and supports his evil deeds. Macbeth had the power to reject the witch’s suggestions and allow nature to take its course, this is evident, as he was able to control hundreds of soldiers in battle and give orders. He was not a weak and challenged man man. Macbeth was on the contrary selfish and power hungry. He let his greed influence him. â€Å"Loves for his own ends, not for you† However, one can reason that Macbeth was not always in control. He is said to be in a ‘rapt state’ and one whethers this has anything to do with the elemental forces or his over – sexual, manipulative wife. Even so, he may be possessed but he is in control of himself as the dialogue suggests, â€Å"Stay you imperfect speakers tell me more† In addition, his tone changes as he gains confidence and he becomes aggressive. This suggests that he is in control and can make up his own decisions. However, there are reflective moments when he reflects on his actions and decides against murder. â€Å"If chance will have me king, why chance may crown me/without my stir† However, this way of thinking is soon non-existent in the second act. Macbeth would be viewed as a hero if he made his own judgement and resisted the temptation. Lady Macbeth is also marginally to blame. She is introduced when she reads Macbeth’s letter. She is pushed, pressurised, manipulated and calculated the pre-meditated murder. She is powerful and dear to Macbeth and takes full advantage of this. However, we would not expect a woman to rein such power, as this would have been unlikely given the period. Without her cajoling, Macbeth may never have gone through with the first murder. She took control and handled the murders as an unsexed entity. It seems that Lady Macbeth may have been connected with the supernatural before, as she calls out to evil spirits. â€Å"unsex me here† Lady Macbeth could be considered a witch according to the standards of Shakespeare’s day. She subverts the order of the sexes and the usual family hierarchy by trying to assume more power than the head of the family, her husband. She does appear to have more power over him, as she challenges his manhood so he will commit the murder of Duncan. â€Å"And live a coward in thine own esteem† She uses sexual means to control her puppet – like husband and entrances him; thus she is like a witch. By challenging her husbands manhood, she is making him mentally impotent yet in the same way pleading for herself to become an unsexed entity, on an equal power with her husband given his impotent and fragile state, if anything Lady Macbeth is more aggressive in this strange role reversal. This is highlighted in the following quotation, â€Å"When you durst do it, then you were a man† She does not follow the typical role of the wife; she transforms the social order and thus becomes the pinnacle of the family and her alliance with the dark forces becomes dubious, the fact that she works with the weird sisters to influence Macbeth suggests that she is at least indirectly allied with them. Though it can be said that, Lady Macbeth retains her mortal form and temporal powers; she has simply touched on the deep-seated ambitions and greed that were already present in him. Although Lady Macbeth coserts her power and dominance over her weak, ineffectual husband, the elemental forces also corrupt the impotent Macbeth. She also encourages Macbeth to become more confident and assertive and tempt him into using his ambition for his own gains. Without this guidance and the corrupt suggestions, Macbeth would probably have never acted on his impulses and desire for power. The witches cast spells and provide apparitions and thus drive his hunger for power and dominance. The withches intentionally taunt him by making him believe that he is in control, they change their tone and act subservient towards him, â€Å"speak, demand, we’ll answer† We are also more prone to condemning them more as we learn the grotesque content of their cauldron, â€Å"pour in sow’s blood that hath eaten her nine farrow† These ingredients sound equally gruesome to Macbeth, yet this is overshadowed by the vague, riddled promises that they make, â€Å"for none of woman born shall harm Macbeth† They continually meddle in his life and one could question whether they had anything to do with the hallucinations. Most of the play is written in blank verse, which resembles the natural rhythm of spoken English. The language flows in this form, certain syllables are stressed and there is a lack of end rhyme. However, this rhythm is disturbed when the weird witches are present in the scene. The language and verse is varied, with the witches and present. The verse is much choppier and sharper. Shakespeare also used rhyming couplets, which is particularly applicable for use in the witch scenes, as riddled; rhyming couplets enhance the devious and corrupt nature of the witches. The vocabulary is archaic and typical of Elizabeth style. The language devices Shakespeare used are abundant; he uses figurative language, aural imagery, patterned sound, equivocation, biblical illusions, symbolism and personification. Act 1 Scene 1 opens with ‘thunder and lightening’. We establish that this scene could be evil as the weather suggests this. Hence Shakespeare has used pathetic fallacy to enhance atmosphere. It was believed that in superstitious times those fierce storms were omens of unrest in individual people and whole countries. The fact that the witches open the plays shows the theme of supernatural is integral to the play. Shakespeare used the weird witches to open the play to show that evil will taunt Macbeth and will influence what happens in the play. The unearthly creatures talk of the battle being, â€Å"lost and won.† This equivocation shows the witches have the power of prediction and that they have also been anticipating the fight for Macbeth’s soul. The witches actively seek to meet up with Macbeth; this portrays their meddling side to the audience. â€Å"there to meet Macbeth† The prophetic hags establish a link with the supernatural by calling their familiars. Their familiars were supposedly given to them from Satan to help with sorcery. â€Å"I come Greymalkin† The witches riddled phrases denote the confusion that will occur. Their ambiguous language addresses that things aren’t always as they seem. â€Å"fair is foul and foul is fair† This line is an analogy for the deceptive facade of Lady Macbeth. The witches ‘Exeunt’ by hovering through the air and by doing this; they are symbolically linked with the supernatural. From analysing the evidence in this scene, one can assume that the blame is directed to the witches, as they are meddling in Macbeth’s affairs and are being associated with evil. Act 1 scene 3 also opens with ‘thunder’. It shows the extreme nature of the prophetic hags. Their meeting place, the heath, is symbolic of the barren and empty nature of the witches. â€Å"blasted heath† The fact the witches meet again reinforces the idea of sisterhood and coven, â€Å"where hast thou been, sister?† One witch has been a gruesomely â€Å"killing swine.† This is a ritual killing for evil purposes. Another witch relates how a sailor’s wife denied her food, so decides to attack the sailor. It was superstition that if you denied a witch food then the witch would take steps to punish you. The dramatist uses a strong metaphor here, which creates imagery, â€Å"Aroint thee witch the rump-fed renyon cries† The witch turned herself into a rat and sailed in a sieve to corrupt the sailor’s ship. There is a symbolic suggestion in the word ‘rat’ that they are cunning and manipulative. Furthermore, the fact she turns herself into a rat indicates her lower status compared to her familiar. Therefore, her familiar is a lot more powerful than she is, as it is a cat. The witches are very civil to each other, which makes us question whether they really are intrinsically evil, â€Å"Th ‘art kind† Moreover, they speak in rhyming couplets; this increases the notion of incantation and makes their riddles more complex. The first witch produces a human thumb. This implies that she has used her magic for evil. Macbeth is announced with a symbolic drum. His future is told within a drumroll. Death. Macbeth’s opening words directly associate him with evil. â€Å"So fair and foul a day I have not seen† It is in reference to an earlier quote that the unearthly creatures spoke. This links his destiny with the witches and evil. Macbeth speaks with an important, unsure and hesitant tone and the Weird Sisters prophesise that Macbeth will be ‘Thane of Cawdor’ and ‘King hereafter’. This is what sparks ambitions. Banquo seems jealous but says Macbeth, â€Å"Seems rapt withal† He is in a trance and he may be possessed at this point, perhaps under the control of the supernatural. Banquo already recognises the witches to be unnatural and strange and is very vivid in his description of them. â€Å"So withered, and so wild in their attire, That look not like th’ inhabitants o’ th’ earth† In addition, Banquo may also be suggesting that Macbeth is greedy and expectant. â€Å"Speak then to me, who neither beg nor fear your favours or your hate† Even in his rapt state, Macbeth is still coherent enough to demand to know more. Thus he is in control of himself enough to absorb the information and calculate his actions. His tone becomes more commanding and demanding, hence Macbeth is capable of making his own decisions. â€Å"Stay you imperfect speakers tell me more† Macbeth feels powerful after having been victorious in battle. Macbeth is sadly deluded that he can control the elemental forces, which have succeeded in uncovering his raw ambition. One Macbeth learns he has been made Thane of Cawdor, Banquo says, â€Å"What can the devil speak true† This suggests that evil is at work, One must recognise that the witches never suggested murdering Duncan and it is essential to balance the evidence and make appropriate decisions. We learn of the Weird Sisters connection with evil and of their provoking and meddling, yet they never tell Macbeth to do anything they merely suggest. It is clear that Macbeth is showing his true colours by the end of the scene and is in complete control of his actions. One can reason that he is in ‘rapt state’, but after we are given this impression, there is also contrary evidence provided to suggest that he is in fact in control of his actions. The tone actively changes, commanding and directing. In Act 1 Scene 5, Macbeth has sent Lady Macbeth a letter and the first thing Macbeth writes about is the witches. Shakespeare is insinuating that the supernatural has a central role within the play. Macbeth writes, â€Å"while I stood rapt in wonder of it† We once again question whether he was possessed and can be held responsible for his actions. Macbeth calls Lady Macbeth, â€Å"my dearest partner of greatness† This suggests they have a good relationship and usually work together in partnership. Macbeth is aware that he may not have enough ambition. â€Å"That thou mightst not lose the dues of rejoicing by being ignorant of what greatness is promised thee† Macbeth is leaving the decisive action up to Lady Macbeth and hence is giving her freedom of choice. â€Å"Lay it to thy heart and farewell† Lady Macbeth realises that Macbeth is, â€Å"too full o’ th’ milk of human kindness† Lady Macbeth feels responsible for what happens so is plotting and planning for him. â€Å"Yet do I fear thy nature† Lady Macbeth reveals her thoughts about witchcraft and the supernatural by calling on evil spirits. â€Å"come you spirits that tend on mortal thoughts† One can assume that she has been embroiled in the supernatural before. She calls on the spirits to change her into a ruthless human being. To take away her soft feminine qualities so that she can assist her ambitious husband who lacks the evil he will need. â€Å"unsex me here† After critically examining the evidence in this scene, one can point the finger of blame towards Lady Macbeth who calls on evil spirits so she can assist her husband. She is already planning and plotting murder. One can now connect her with the supernatural and evil. In Act 1 Scene 7, Macbeth starts to change his mind about the murder, â€Å"hath borne his faculties so meek, hath been, so clear in his great office† In contrast, Lady Macbeth shows optimum strength in this scene. She undermines Macbeth and challenges his manhood. â€Å"And live a coward in thine own esteem† Lady Macbeth plots and plans the murder of Duncan. All her actions are pre mediated, which implies that she is a cold heartless killer, â€Å"When Duncan is asleep whereto the rather shall his day’s hard journey soundly invite him-his two chamberlains. Will I with wine and wassail so convince, that memory, the warder of the brain, shall be a fume, and the receipt of reason a limbeck only; when in swinish sleep their drenched natures lie as in death† She is so cunning and conniving that she has thought everything through. â€Å"his spongy officers, who shall bear guilt† We are reminded of the earlier quotation, â€Å"fair is foul and foul is fair† It seems to be unfolding like a prophecy. There should be equilibrium in apportioning blame in this scene as Macbeth, though deciding against the murder, was convinced very quickly to go through with it. If he really hadn’t wanted to go through with the murder he would have put up a bit more resistance. One can reason that Lady Macbeth has a very strong influence over him and she knows how to use it to her advantage, especially in this scene as she challenges his manhood and has a carefully thought out plan. One could question whether she is inherently evil or whether Macbeth really had any other choice. In Act 2 Scene 1, Banquo is unable to sleep, as he is uncomfortable in the presence of evil thoughts. â€Å"Merciful powers, restrain in me the cursed thoughts that nature gives way to in repose† Macbeth denies his involvement with the unearthly creatures. He is very careful to hide his guilt in murdering Duncan. This is the turning point for Macbeth; he is becoming more and more empowered, â€Å"I think not of them† Macbeth believes he sees a dagger in front of him. This could be a sign of his need to muster his courage, hence he intentionally visualises his evil swaying. This could also be the work of the supernatural. The word ‘dagger’ reminds us of the unnatural predictions, â€Å"That summens there to heaven or to hell† This soliloquy reveals Macbeth’s abnormal state of mind. It also reminds one of the unnatural witches who are products of hell. He believes he is becoming stronger, but ironically he is becoming weaker, as he is more and more disturbed as a result of the supernatural. One can use the evidence shown in this scene to appoint the blame to Macbeth as now he is denying any involvement with the witches and lying to his own friends as the supernatural is taking a hold of him. One could question his sanity as he sees a dagger, or one could reason that this is the supernatural meddling and taunting Macbeth. In Act 2 Scene 2, Lady Macbeth and Macbeth are becoming more frail minded as they are beginning to realise what they have done in order to get what they want. Lady Macbeth jumps at the sound of an owl. This suggests that she is becoming frail minded and is extremely anxious. â€Å"Hark! Peace!† Other signs of the pair frail – mindness are that Lady Macbeth pleads with her husband not to go insane, which is ironic as this happens to her, and that Macbeth can’t wash the blood from his hands. â€Å"No, this my hand will rather the multitudnous seas incarnadine, making the green one red† He can’t literally wash the blood from his hands and also metaphorically he can’t wash away the guilt of what he has done from his blackened soul. For all Lady Macbeth’s evil words she still has some sort of conscience, as she can’t commit the murder herself. She is not as evil as she would like and maybe the evil spirits didn’t remove all of her soft gentle side. Macbeth is remorseful, but Lady Macbeth has achieved her desires. She is adamant that the dead can’t exact revenge. If anything she has been influenced and manipulated by the supernatural. â€Å"the sleeping and the dead are but as pictures. ‘Tis the eye of childhood that fears a painted devil† In this scene we see that Macbeth is regretting his devious actions, yet this passes very quickly. Lady Macbeth shows very little regret or remorse. One can reason that she couldn’t commit the murder herself so she can’t be all evil. Both are becoming weakened and anxious. Macbeth can’t return the daggers and is initially ashamed of himself. In Act 3 Scene 1, Macbeth has become more powerful. He has not yet converged with the witches, so we can assume that they haven’t complete power over him in this scene. Lady Macbeth and his own greed now directly influence everything he does. Macbeth has Banquo murdered, but it is his own madness that drove him to do it. He is now more in control of his destiny. â€Å"I will put that business in your bosoms whose execution takes your enemy off† He is level headed and cunningly instructs the murderers to plant themselves away from the palace. â€Å"I will advise you where to plant yourselves†¦.something from the palace† Macbeth gives the murderers reasons to kill Banquo, claiming that Banquo had held them â€Å"under fortune† This portrays his intelligence, but also emphasises his evil side. Macbeth is very clear in what he must do to secure the thrown without challenge. â€Å"We have scorched the snake but have not scorned it† This implies that there are more murders to come. Macbeth is not troubled by the murders he has committed. He is more worried that Fleance escaped. From this we can establish that he has little or no conscience. â€Å"Fool of scorpions of my mind dear wife thou know’st that Banquo and his Fleance lives† One must recognise that neither the supernatural nor Lady Macbeth had anything to do with the murders of Banquo or Fleance, yet Macbeth now uses a style not unlike the style Lady Macbeth had used on him. One could say that her influence has not left him unmarked and she still has some sort of control over him, though it is mostly his own greed that is spurring him on to commit these heinous acts. In Act 3 Scene 4, Macbeth is becoming increasingly cruel in his manner and shows no remorse in his friend’s death. â€Å"Tis better thee without than he within† He is referring to the blood on the murderer’s face. Macbeth is upset that Fleance has escaped because it jeopardises his plans and he realises that he can still feel fear. â€Å"But now I am cabined, cribbed, confined.† Shakespeare uses alliteration in this scene for dramatic effect, it emphasises that Macbeth is trapped, desperate and afraid. The use of the ‘c’ consonant is particularly effective since ‘c’ is a hard consonant. The sharp sound evoked by this letter emphasises Macbeth’s fear. He also uses rule of three for literary effect moreover, there is a great association with the number three and magic. The dramatist is once drawing us back into the supernatural and highlighting the fundamental importance of the role of the ‘prophetic hags’. â€Å"There the grown serpent lies, the worm that’s fled† This is an evocative metaphor used to describe Fleance. By calling him a serpent, Shakespeare is inferring that Macbeth sees him as devious, sneaky and sly. Macbeth sees an apparition of the deceased Banquo. We must question whether this is guilt or the supernatural meddling again. â€Å"Which of you have done this?† This is what we call an asside or soliloquy. A private moment where the character shares his thoughts with the audience. Lady Macbeth refers to Macbeth as a woman. It is ironic that Lady Macbeth feels so superior at this time, because shortly she becomes insane yet here she is perfectly sane. Macbeth reveals his evil intentions by explaining, â€Å"we are yet but young in deed† At the end of this scene Macbeth concludes that he will visit the Weird sisters (witches). His reliance on the supernatural is necessary to stifle his fear. One must recognise that he goes to the supernatural and not the other way about. Therefore, we blame Macbeth for going to the prophetic hags. Act 3 Scene 5 includes Hectate who is the supreme witch. This scene involves her scolding the witches for not involving her. This scene incriminates the witches which makes them responsible. â€Å"How did you dare to trade and traffic with Macbeth in riddles and affairs of death† Hectate also apportions some of the responsibility to Macbeth and believes the witches are wasting their time. â€Å"Loves for his own ends, not for you† The witches know Macbeth is coming to them and they will, â€Å"draw him on to his confusion† thus adding to the supernatural’s already existing evil. The inclusion of this scene means that the metaphorical finger is pointed at the ‘Weird Sisters’. However, most editors do not consider this scene to be written by Shakespeare. Therefore, this scene should not be included when considering the evidence. If it were, it would suggest that the elemental forces were to blame the whole way through the play. In Act 4 Scene 1, the witches are involved in a ritual, making a concoction for Macbeth to drink. They will be instruments of his doom. There is similar assonance present, to emphasise the riddled and confused nature of their speech and hence to magnify the idea that these are unnatural creatures. â€Å"chaudron†¦.cauldron† The way they chant together reveals their sisterhood. The prophecies they reveal are that Macbeth must be cautious of Macduff (thane of fife Nemises/avenger to Macbeth not born of a women); he will only be defeated when ‘Birnham Wood’ moves to Dunsinane and that no man born from a mothers womb can ever harm Macbeth. These predictions though extremely ambiguous, are riddled prophecies of Macbeth’s future. They only tell half-truths but they are also double meanings. Macbeth longs to feel secure. â€Å"Double double, toil and trouble† This enhances the fact that the meanings are going to be double edged. The incantation reveals the turmoil that lies ahead. Macbeth’s tone is demanding and he thinks he has the power to control the witches when he most certainly doesn’t. â€Å"I conjure you, by that which you profess† The witches recognise this and use it to their advantage by making Macbeth feel that he is in control by saying, â€Å"speak, demand, we’ll answer† They are now purposely taunting him and acting in a subservient way and their tone has changed. They lure him into a false sense of security. â€Å"say if thou’dst rather hear it from our moths or from our masters† Macbeth has become a puppet for the instruments of darkness. He has become conceited and believes he is untouchable. The prophetic hags have influenced and shaped him by implanting thoughts of grandeur into his head and extracting his ambition. He misinterprets the prophecies and still he isn’t satisfied. â€Å"Yet my heart throbs to know one thing† We condemn the witches more so because of the ingredients they put in their cauldron are foul, grotesque and inappropriate in the extreme, â€Å"Finger of birth strangled babe† Yet Macbeth decides to murder all related to Macduff. The killing of these innocents is perhaps his most evil act. It can’t be condoned, as they have nothing to do with the situation. Macbeth says, â€Å"From this moment, the very firstlings of my heart shall be, the firstlings of my hand† For this malevolent deed we blame him in this scene, as the witches never said anything about killing Macduff’s family. This is completely of his own accord. In Act 4 Scene 3, Malcolm (son of Duncan and prince of Cumberland) tests Macduff and when it is clear that they are both loyal and good, they plan what’s to be done. Macbeth has been energized by the witches and goes on a killing spree, murdering Lady Macduff and her son. â€Å"He has killed me mother† Once Malcolm and Macduff learn of the slaughter of Macduff’s family they are clear that Macbeth must be stopped immediately. They invite assistance from, â€Å"the powers of above,† Or the heavens to overthrow the tyrant. This suggests that the supernatural world can be fair as well as foul. This reminds us of the former equivocation, which is the central coda of the play. Macbeth is crazed by murder. His actions are now gratuitous, as he is hungry for murder. He was once subservient to the supernatural and now he is a transformed lunatic. He was once empowered by them and now is obsessed and insane. After analysing the evidence from this scene it is clear that Macbeth should be blamed and one must also recognise that there is evidence to show that the supernatural is not all bad. In Act 5 Scene 1, Lady Macbeth becomes completely crazed. Firstly she sleepwalks. Lady Macbeth hallucinates that she has blood on her hands, has sin on her soul. â€Å"Out damned spot, out I say†¦. Hell is murky† â€Å"will these hands ne’er be clean?† This juxtaposes what she has said previously. â€Å"A little water should cleanse me of these deeds† It is clear that her conscience troubles her and one must recognise that she is not wholly evil. In Act 5 Scene 3, Macbeth is still on a mission for power and will not go down without a fight. â€Å"I’ll fight until from my bones my flesh be hacked. Give me my armour† This image is gruesome and unwholesome and it reminds us of the witches and their evil deeds. His choice of language leads us to believe that his encounters with the weird witches had some sick satanic effect on him. His frustration is apparent and he is cruel towards the servant, but this is understandable as he is faced with the risk of battle. He also invites some sympathy when he admits, â€Å"my way of life has fallen into the sear† Yet he musters some confidence at the end and one could recognise that he brought this all on himself. In Act 5 Scene 5, we see the death of Lady Macbeth. She commits suicide, as her evil deeds were too hard to live with. One can recognise that she is not all evil, but merely weak and that she could not live with what she had done. Macbeth seems too far-gone in his evil ways to feel real fear. At the end of scene five Macbeth begins to question the moral fibre of the witches. â€Å"I pull in resolution and begin to doubt th’ equivocation of the field† Even on the stake he ponders over how he could be killed when the witches promise differently. â€Å"Whats he that was not born of a woman† He still stupidly believes in what he was told. He has been duped as Macduff was, â€Å"from his mothers womb untimely ripped† Macbeth still shouts orders and damn’s others, yet ironically, it is he that is damned. After critically studying the evidence of that scene we blame Macbeth, as he is evil right to the very end and still obsessed with the supernatural and what the witches have told him. After close critical analysis it is my view that responsibility is swayed in each scene, yet on the whole each party are equally to blame for the bloodshed. There is sufficient evidence to imply that each party had a vital function in the outcome. Macbeth was not wholly responsible for the outcomes of the play, yet he is partly to blame for murdering for his own gains. It is obvious that sometimes he is said to be in a ‘rapt’ state and one could question whether he had been possessed by the Weird witches. However, even in his ‘rapt’ state he still seems to be in control of himself. Macbeth never actually calls the three women witches, only weird sisters or prophetic hags; thus one must question whether they actually have any power or only the power of suggestion. They never actually instruct Macbeth to murder anyone, yet they alongside Lady Macbeth work to water the seed of ambition. Fate may have intended Macbeth to seize the throne; the witches may just have been instruments to support this notion and provide Macbeth with guidance. The prophetic hags tempt Macbeth into using his ambition for his own gains and they have knowledge that Lady Macbeth is a power – hungry woman who will aid Macbeth. One must assume that they too are evil as they cast spells, provide apparitions and implant notions of power and grandeur. Furthermore, the spells they cast are extreme and the ingredients are highly inappropriate, this further denounces the witches. â€Å"finger of birth strangle babe† In Jacobean times spells were thought to be powerful concoctions brewed for evil purposes. The witches encourage Macbeth to become more confident and assertive and Macbeth is linked with them from the start. He is linked through his phrasing and they talk of him before they are even introduced hence one could say that it is their primary intent to corrupt Macbeth. â€Å"There to meet with Macbeth† Macbeth allows himself be corrupted and is easily lead. His ambition was already there; the witches simply helped it grow. They cannot be held completely accountable as they only fuel and drive his ambition. Lady Macbeth must also be partly blamed for the outcome. She pushed, pressurised and coldly planned the murder of Duncan. She took control and handled the murders as unsexed entity. If not for her, Macbeth may never have murdered Duncan and if he had never murdered Duncan then he would never have got a taste for power or greed. It was only when he first murdered that his hunger escalated and he became driven by greed and ambition. Though one may assume that she is not all evil, as she could not live with herself for the crimes she had committed and became insane. Some critics insist that Macbeth was tricked, cajoled, tempted and guided by the supernatural forces and hence he is not to blame. However, it is my interpretation that the ‘Weird Sisters’ did tempt, taunt and tease him. They sparked his ambition, but that ambition already lay within Macbeth; the witches simply brought in to the surface. Had the unearthly creatures not have done this one could argue Macbeth would never have thought of killing Duncan. Yet this is only a presumption. One must clearly recognise that witches under any circumstances told Macbeth to murder. Had Lady Macbeth not tackled and challenged Macbeth’s manhood, one could argue Macbeth may never have murdered Duncan or become embroiled in future murders. Yet it is clear that though in the early stages Lady Macbeth and the supernatural influenced Macbeth, he became a murdering lunatic all of his own accord and was in control of what he was doing. He chose his destiny and killed innocents without any influence from anyone except the influence of his own greed and desire. Macbeth is insatiable, ruthless and domineering. Yet none of the guilty parties are blameless. All three caused the tragedy and only with all three present could the tragedy have been caused. All three parties are portrayed with blame, the tragedy is more satisfying. A seventeenth century audience would have believed, Macbeth was not fully responsible, because witches were prevalent within their society yet a modern day audience would blame Macbeth fully, as they would contemplate that he had no excuse. She believes that it is easier to surface some pity for Macbeth when he is not the only one to blame but part of a triangle of guilt. In my opinion, it is easier to muster sympathy for a person who is not entirely to blame for their actions; in the case of Macbeth, the tragedy is more successful if the popular seventeenth century mentality is adopted, and thereby the witches and Lady Macbeth are made partly to blame for his downfall.